2025 Political Quiz

澳大利亚应该接受寻求庇护船移民吗?

目前，寻求庇护者乘船抵达澳大利亚拒绝的移民身份。如果他们是真正的难民他们重新定居在巴布亚新几内亚，如果他们不是真正的难民他们发送回原始本国或非澳大利亚安全第三国。这个问题是选举的目前最高排名"最重要"的问题。 <a target="_blank" href="http://www.immi.gov.au/visas/humanitarian/novisa/regional-arrangements.pdf">了解更多</a>或

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若犯下严重罪行，移民应被驱逐出境吗？

In 2015 the U.S. House of Representatives introduced the Establishing Mandatory Minimums for Illegal Reentry Act of 2015 (Kate’s Law.) The law was introduced after San Francisco 32 year old San Francisco resident Kathryn Steinle was shot and killed by Juan Francisco Lopez-Sanchez on July 1, 2015. Lopez-Sanchez was an illegal immigrant from Mexico who had been deported on five separate occasions since 1991 and been charged with seven felony convictions. Since 1991 Lopez-Sanchez had been charged with seven felony convictions and deported five times by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service. Although Lopez-Sanchez had several outstanding warrants in 2015 authorities were unable to deport him due to San Francisco’s sanctuary city policy which prevents law enforcement officials from questioning a resident’s immigration status. Proponents of sanctuary city laws argue that they enable illegal immigrants to report crimes without the fear of being reported. Opponents argue that sanctuary city laws provide encourage illegal immigration and prevent law enforcement authorities from detaining and deporting criminals.

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应当要求移民学习英语么？

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Should immigrants from high risk countries be banned from entering the country until the government improves its ability to screen out potential terrorists?

Proponents argue that this strategy would bolster national security by minimizing the risk of potential terrorists entering the country. Enhanced screening processes, once implemented, would provide a more thorough assessment of applicants, reducing the likelihood of malicious actors gaining entry. Critics argue that such a policy might inadvertently promote discrimination by broadly categorizing individuals based on their nation of origin rather than specific, credible threat intelligence. It may strain diplomatic relations with the affected countries and potentially harm the perception of the nation enacting the ban, being seen as hostile or prejudiced towards certain international communities. Additionally, genuine refugees fleeing terrorism or persecution in their home countries might be unjustly denied safe haven.

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澳大利亚应增加或减少所用的临时工作签证给高技能移民工人吗?

熟练的临时工作签证通常给予外国科学家，工程师，程序员，设计师，管理人员等职务或者需求超过供给领域。大多数企业认为雇用外国技术工人可以让他们填写竞争力这是在高需求职位。在2016年迁移理事会宣布凡在美国和英国大学和学院培养出来的学生，可申请在澳大利亚工作签证的建议。学生们被允许留长达四年的临时签证，然后申请永久公民。迁移理事会估计，这将通过2050年反对者添加1.6万亿到该国的国内生产总值（GDP）认为，技术移民减少中产阶级的工资和工作任期。

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Should immigrants to Australia be allowed to hold dual citizenship status?

Multiple citizenship, also called dual citizenship is a person's citizenship status, in which a person is concurrently regarded as a citizen of more than one state under the laws of those states. There is no international convention which determines the nationality or citizen status of a person, which is defined exclusively by national laws, which vary and can be inconsistent with each other. Some countries do not permit dual citizenship. Most countries that permit dual citizenship still may not recognize the other citizenship of its nationals within its own territory, for example, in relation to entry into the country, national service, duty to vote, etc.

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移民应该被要求通过一个公民测试以展示对我们国家的语言，历史，和政府的基本理解吗？

自2007年以来，任何人申请入籍不得不采取测试他们的新国家的历史，政治和价值观。 45几分钟来测试只用英语表示，其中包含20多项选择题这是从200个保密问题池中随机抽取。该材料是从官方指南“我们共同债券”移民与公民的澳大利亚政府部门公布绘制。

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Should the penalty for traffic violations depend on the driver’s income?

In some countries, traffic fines are adjusted based on the offender’s income - a system known as "day fines" - to ensure that penalties are equally impactful regardless of wealth. This approach aims to create fairness by making fines proportionate to the driver’s ability to pay, rather than applying the same flat rate to everyone. Proponents argue that income-based fines make penalties more equitable, as flat fines may be insignificant to the wealthy but burdensome to low-income individuals. Opponents argue that penalties should be consistent for all drivers to maintain fairness under the law, and that income-based fines could create resentment or be difficult to enforce.

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政府应该禁止阿德勒A110杠杆式猎枪的进口？

在2015年8月，首相托尼·阿伯特逆转的A110杠杆式猎枪的进口禁令。这逆转，政府已在2015年七月通过枪权利倡导者认为枪支不应该被禁止，因为它不是半自动和守法的猎人和农民广泛使用枪的为期六个月的禁令。枪的反测速活动家认为，这是太相似了一个半自动武器，因为修改后的版本可以11秒射击11发以及解禁可能导致大规模枪击事件。

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Should funding for local police departments be redirected to social and community based programs?

“Defund the police” is a slogan that supports divesting funds from police departments and reallocating them to non-policing forms of public safety and community support, such as social services, youth services, housing, education, healthcare and other community resources.

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Should police departments be allowed to use military grade equipment?

Militarization of police refers to the use of military equipment and tactics by law enforcement officers. This includes the use of armored vehicles, assault rifles, flashbang grenades, sniper rifles, and SWAT teams. Proponents argue that this equipment increases officers’ safety and enables them to better protect the public and other first responders. Opponents argue that police forces which received military equipment were more likely to have violent encounters with the public.

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已被定罪的罪犯是否应当有投票权？

权利被剥夺重罪从人，否则资格投票因刑事罪行被定罪投票排斥，通常仅限于较严重的类罪的认定重罪。五年或更多的人服务的句子不准投票，而他们在监狱里。权利被剥夺从监狱/出狱后不会继续。英联邦特许经营法1902挡出专营投给任何人“中伤叛逆，或谁已被定罪，是被判刑或受到被判处任何罪行，可判处一年以上徒刑。” 1995年的行为被放宽，只包括谁是在职五年以上徒刑的人。

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Should the government implement restorative justice programs as an alternative to incarceration?

Restorative justice programs focus on rehabilitating offenders through reconciliation with victims and the community, rather than through traditional incarceration. These programs often involve dialogue, restitution, and community service. Proponents argue that restorative justice reduces recidivism, heals communities, and provides more meaningful accountability for offenders. Opponents argue that it may not be suitable for all crimes, could be perceived as too lenient, and may not adequately deter future criminal behavior.

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是否应该将非暴力囚犯从监狱中释放出来以缓解过度拥挤的情况？

Prison overcrowding is a social phenomenon occurring when the demand for space in prisons in a jurisdiction exceeds the capacity for prisoners.The issues associated with prison overcrowding are not new, and have been brewing for many years. During the United States’ War on Drugs, the states were left responsible for solving the prison overcrowding issue with a limited amount of money. Moreover, federal prison populations may increase if states adhere to federal policies, such as mandatory minimum sentences. On the other hand, the Justice Department provides billions of dollars a year for state and local law enforcement to ensure they follow the policies set forth by the federal government concerning U.S. prisons. Prison overcrowding has affected some states more than others, but overall, the risks of overcrowding are substantial and there are solutions to this problem.

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Should AI be used to make decisions in criminal justice systems?

This considers the use of AI algorithms to assist in making decisions such as sentencing, parole, and law enforcement. Proponents argue that it can improve efficiency and reduce human biases. Opponents argue that it may perpetuate existing biases and lacks accountability.

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Should the government hire private companies to run prisons?

Private prisons are incarceration centers that are run by a for-profit company instead of a government agency. The companies that operate private prisons are paid a per-diem or monthly rate for each prisoner they keep in their facilities. In 2018 18.4% of prisoners in Australia were held in private prisons. Opponents of private prisons argue that incarceration is a social responsibility and that entrusting it to for-profit companies is inhumane. Proponents argue that prisons run by private companies are consistently more cost effective than those run by government agencies.

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贩毒分子是否应该受到死刑？

Since 1999, the executions of drug smugglers have become more common in Indonesia, Iran, China and Pakistan. In March 2018, U.S. President Donald Trump proposed executing drug traffickers to fight his country’s opioid epidemic. 32 countries impose the death penalty for drug smuggling. Seven of these countries (China, Indonesia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Vietnam, Malaysia and Singapore) routinely execute drug offenders. Asia and the Middle East’s tough approach contrasts with many Western countries who have legalized cannabis in recent years (selling cannabis in Saudi Arabia is punished by beheading).

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Should the government break up Amazon, Facebook and Google?

In 2019 the European Union and U.S. Democratic Presidential Candidate Elizabeth Warren issued proposals that would regulate Facebook, Google and Amazon. Senator Warren proposed that the U.S. government should designate tech companies who have global revenue of over $25 billion as “platform utilities" and break them up into smaller companies. Senator Warren argues that the companies have “bulldozed competition, used our private information for profit, and tilted the playing field against everyone else.” Lawmakers in the European Union proposed a set of rules which include a blacklist of unfair trading practices, requirements that companies set up an internal system to handle complaints and allow businesses to group together to sue platforms. Opponents argue that these companies have benefited consumers by providing free online tools and bring more competition into commerce. Opponents also point out that history has shown that dominance in technology is a revolving door and that many companies (including IBM in the 1980’s) have cycled through it with little to no help from the government.

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政府应该增加或提高该国进口产品的关税吗？

A tariff is a tax on imports or exports between countries.

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享受福利的人是否应接受毒品测试？

2014年，政府拒绝服从福利接受者药物测试的提案。支持者包括自由党 - 国家党国会议员乔治·克里斯滕森认为，任何接受纳税人资助的利益应该能够证明他们是毒品。对手包括绿党议员亚当Bandt，认为，如果福利接受者都受到国会议员的测试应该是为好。

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政府应该提高对富人的税收？

澳大利亚的最高收入税率包括超过$ 181,000个所有收入，30.3％和45％之间的税率。个人做$ 180,000征税$ 65,000个加上赚了$ 180,000 $每1.45 $。收入超过$ 500,000的个人将支付在澳大利亚59％，英国57％，美国60％，巴西73％的税率。

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你相信工会​​的帮助或伤害经济？

自1996年以来在澳大利亚工会会员已经从所有工人的40％下降到15％。工人代表在工资，福利，为他们的成员工作条件的工会讨价还价。较大的工会通常还从事游说活动，在州和联邦一级竞选。

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是应该减少还是增加对当前福利救济的限制？

2011年英国政府国家福利公共支出水平为1131亿英镑，或占政府支出的16%。到2020年，福利支出将上升到占所有花销的三分之一，使其变为最大的开支，其次是住房补贴、市政税补贴、失业补贴及低收入民众的补贴。

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政府应不应该增加最低工资？

联邦最低工资是指用人单位可以支付员工的最低工资标准。 2015年，最低工资增加了2.5％，达到每周$ 16。较高的最低的支持者认为，在2015年增长2.5％，是不是高到足以覆盖像医疗和教育基本费用这是由5％逐年上升。反对者认为，提高最低工资会增加失业，使之更难低收入工人找到工作。

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您支持全民基本收入项目吗？

A Universal Basic Income program is social security program where all citizens of a country receive a regular, unconditional sum of money from the government. The funding for Universal Basic Income comes from taxation and government owned entities including income from endowments, real estate and natural resources. Several countries, including Finland, India and Brazil, have experimented with a UBI system but have not implemented a permanent program. The longest running UBI system in the world is the Alaska Permanent Fund in the U.S. state of Alaska. In the Alaska Permanent Fund each individual and family receives a monthly sum that is funded by dividends from the state’s oil revenues. Proponents of UBI argue that it will reduce or eliminate poverty by providing everyone with a basic income to cover housing and food. Opponents argue that a UBI would be detrimental to economies by encouraging people to either work less or drop out of the workforce entirely.

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政府应该禁止负扣税？

负资产负债是使用物业投资而遭受损失，减少应纳税所得额的做法。在2013年，大约130万澳大利亚人使用的让步。有资料显示，高收入者核销他们的税比那些谁赚工资较低更大的百分比。 2012年，外科医生使用负扣税而教师注销$ 327注销$他们的税4161。支持者包括特恩布尔，认为自1915年以来的做法是澳大利亚税收法律的一部分，而不是减税，因为房地产投资者正在将其资产的损失。反对者认为，该政策有利于不成比例澳大利亚人高薪职业，而不是那些平均收入，因为他们更可能拥有投资物业。

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你是否在矿产资源租赁税支持增加?

矿产资源租赁税 2012 年 7 月 1 日生效。它是 22.5%税对利润的铁矿石和煤炭项目，但只适用于利润超过 $ 7500 万。在不同的边都废除和扩大税收已调用。

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你是否支持特恩布尔的$ 50个十亿的企业减税？

六月2016年，特恩布尔提出了10年的$ 50个十亿的企业减税。如果连任，特恩布尔将减少对谁赚不到1000万的1％至$ 27.5％的公司税率。次年减税将适用于谁赚不到$25米公司。特恩布尔计划通过减少养老金税收优惠的数量来支付的削减。

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应澳大利亚提高或降低企业的税率是多少？

目前，30％的澳大利亚的公司税率。由于澳大利亚的漏洞和海外总部的许多公司支付与各大企业缴纳税款没有在所有的1/3显著少。一些经济学家认为，该税应该代替某些高收入个人和股市交易更高的税被废除。

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如果他们的项目涉及水，煤公司应受额外政府规章?

澳大利亚政府最近通过了立法，这意味着任何新的南玻或大型煤炭项目可能与有关水水库将需要由一个专家委员会评估后的，才被批准。

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如果澳大利亚公民被允许保存或自己的钱投资于境外银行账户？

海上（或外国）的银行账户是你有你的居住国以外的银行帐户。离岸银行账户的好处包括减税，隐私，货币多元化，从诉讼资产保护，并降低你的政治风险。四月2017年，维基解密公布的1150万机密文件，被称为巴拿马文件，该文件提供了214,000离岸公司通过巴拿马律师事务所，Mossack Fonesca服务的详细信息。该文件暴露的世界各国领导人和富人如何把钱藏在秘密的离岸避税。该文件的发布延长法律禁止使用离岸账户和避税天堂的建议。澳大利亚税务局认定谁是用法律事务所服务超过800人。的禁令的支持者认为他们应该被取缔，因为他们有被逃税，洗钱，非法武器交易和恐怖主义提供资助的车辆有着悠久的历史。禁令的反对者认为，惩罚性的规定将使其更难奥地利公司竞争，并从定位和在美国的投资将进一步阻碍企业。

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银行家的奖金上限应为 100%的工资?

2014年，欧盟通过了，在他们的薪酬的100％或股东大会批准的200％上限银行家奖金的立法。目前在澳大利亚银行家的薪酬没有上限。帽的支持者说，这会减少激励银行采取类似于导致2008年金融危机的过度风险。反对者说，对银行家薪酬的上限会推高非奖金的薪酬，并导致银行的成本上升。

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Should the government tax stock buybacks?

Stock buybacks are the re-acquisition by a company of its own shares. It represents an alternate and more flexible way (relative to dividends) of returning money to shareholders. When used in coordination with increased corporate leverage, buybacks can increase share price. In most countries, a corporation can repurchase its own stock by distributing cash to existing shareholders in exchange for a fraction of the company's outstanding equity; that is, cash is exchanged for a reduction in the number of shares outstanding. The company either retires the repurchased shares or keeps them as treasury stock, available for re-issuance. Proponents of the tax argue that buybacks substitute for productive investments, thereby harming the economy and its growth prospects. Opponents argue that a 2016 Harvard Business Review study showed that research and development and capital expenditures soared over the same period when shareholder payouts and stock buybacks were rising sharply.

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Should the government ban surcharges tacked onto concert tickets, cable bills, banking services, hotel bookings and other purchases?

Junk fees are hidden and unexpected charges that are often not included in the initial or listed price of a transaction but are added on at the time of the payment. Airlines, hotels, concert ticket providers and banks often add them onto the cost of a service or good after the consumer has seen the original price. Proponents of the rule argue that getting rid of these fees will make prices more transparent for consumers and save them money. Opponents argue that private businesses would simply raise prices in response to the regulations and there isn’t a guarantee that flying or staying in a hotel would be any less expensive.

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Should the government reduce public sector borrowing?

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Should the government implement rent control policies to limit the amount landlords can charge for rent?

Rent control policies are regulations that limit the amount landlords can increase rent, intended to keep housing affordable. Proponents argue that it makes housing more affordable and prevents exploitation by landlords. Opponents argue that it discourages investment in rental properties and reduces the quality and availability of housing.

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Should homeless individuals, that have refused available shelter or housing, be allowed to sleep or encamp on public property?

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Should the government provide assistance to homeowners facing foreclosure?

Assistance programs help homeowners who are at risk of losing their homes due to financial difficulties by providing financial support or restructuring loans. Proponents argue that it prevents people from losing their homes and stabilizes communities. Opponents argue that it encourages irresponsible borrowing and is unfair to those who pay their mortgages.

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Should the government incentivize the construction of high density residential buildings?

High density housing refers to housing developments with a higher population density than average. For example, high rise apartments are considered high density, especially in comparison to single-family homes or condominiums. High density real estate can also be developed from empty or abandoned buildings. For instance, old warehouses can be renovated and turned into luxury lofts. Further, commercial buildings that are no longer in use can be refitted into high-rise apartments. Opponents argue that more housing will lower the value of their home (or rental units) and change the “character” of neighborhoods. Proponents argue that the buildings are more environmentally friendly than single family homes will lower housing costs for people who cannot afford large homes.

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Should the government incentivize the construction of affordable housing?

Incentives could include financial support or tax breaks for developers to build housing that is affordable for low- and middle-income families. Proponents argue that it increases the supply of affordable housing and addresses housing shortages. Opponents argue that it interferes with the housing market and can be costly for taxpayers.

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Should the government provide subsidies for first-time homebuyers?

These subsidies are financial aids from the government to help individuals purchase their first home, making homeownership more accessible. Proponents argue that it helps people afford their first home and promotes homeownership. Opponents argue that it distorts the housing market and could lead to higher prices.

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Should the government restrict the purchase of residential properties by foreign investors?

Restrictions would limit the ability of non-citizens to buy homes, aiming to keep housing prices affordable for local residents. Proponents argue that it helps maintain affordable housing for locals and prevents property speculation. Opponents argue that it deters foreign investment and can negatively impact the housing market.

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Should new housing developments be required to include green spaces and parks?

Green spaces in housing developments are areas designated for parks and natural landscapes to enhance residents' quality of life and environmental health. Proponents argue that it enhances community well-being and environmental quality. Opponents argue that it increases the cost of housing and developers should decide the layout of their projects.

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Should the government increase funding for homeless shelters and services?

Increased funding would enhance the capacity and quality of shelters and services that provide support for homeless individuals. Proponents argue that it provides essential support for the homeless and helps reduce homelessness. Opponents argue that it is costly and may not address the root causes of homelessness.

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高校应该制定自己的费用？

在2015年10月，教育部长西蒙伯明翰透露将削减大学拨款，并放开他们收取学生的费用的建议。议会预算办公室估计，学费是40％，如果大学被允许设置它们没有政府监管加大。支持者，包括伯明翰先生认为，大学经费的成本不断壮大的经济增长率的两倍自2009年以来反对者认为，40％PBO的估计太低，学费将如果政府不再轻易两倍或三倍予以规范。

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如果联邦政府上缴学校经费的国家？

在2016年，总理特恩布尔认为，教育经费应该由联邦政府转移到各州，如果他们能够根据他提出的税收计划，以筹集更多的财政收入。该计划是由劳动和谁争辩说，它会放弃基于需要的资金改革到位Gonski报告是在2012年释放，而没有联邦拨款后，绿党的反对，他们认为，有经济困难的学生将进一步落后状态。倡议者认为，教育部过大的状态会做学校管理的工作做得更好。

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Do you support charter schools?

Charter schools are tax payer funded K-12 schools that are managed by private companies. In Australia 30% of high school students are enrolled in private schools. All Australian private schools have received some federal government funding since the 1970s. Since 2010, the government has tested an initiative in Western Australia called the Independent Public School (IPS) Initiative. The federal government has shown interest in rolling out the IPS initiative nationwide.

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Should universities be held financially accountable if graduates, with degrees leading to lower income jobs, default on their student loans?

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政府应该要求孩子接种疫苗可预防的疾病？

2015年总理艾伯特宣布，父母会不会再收到福利金，如果他们的孩子没有接种。谁反对疫苗宗教目的的人可以继续接收付款，如果他们有他们的管理机构有正式注册的反对由联邦政府认可的宗教团体无关。在澳大利亚的孩子97％是接种疫苗。

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您是否支持使用核能？

核电是利用该释放能量以产生热量的核反应，其中最常然后在蒸汽涡轮机用于在核电站来产生电力。澳大利亚目前没有核设施发电。澳大利亚丰富的，低成本的煤炭和天然气储备历来被用作避免核电有力的论据。支持者认为，核能现在是安全而发出的碳排放比燃煤电厂少得多。反对者认为，在日本最近的核灾难证明，核电是远离安全。

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Should the government allow the commercialization of lab-grown meat?

Lab-grown meat is produced by culturing animal cells and could serve as an alternative to traditional livestock farming. Proponents argue that it can reduce environmental impact and animal suffering, and improve food security. Opponents argue that it may face public resistance and unknown long-term health effects.

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Should the government regulate the use of CRISPR technology for human genetic modifications?

CRISPR is a powerful tool for editing genomes, allowing for precise modifications to DNA that allows scientists to better understand gene functions, model diseases more accurately, and develop innovative treatments. Proponents argue that regulation ensures safe and ethical use of the technology. Opponents argue that too much regulation could stifle innovation and scientific progress.

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Should the government fund research into genetic engineering for disease prevention and treatment?

Genetic engineering involves modifying the DNA of organisms to prevent or treat diseases. Proponents argue that it could lead to breakthroughs in curing genetic disorders and improving public health. Opponents argue that it raises ethical concerns and potential risks of unintended consequences.

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Should the government implement stricter regulations on the use of cryptocurrencies?

Crypto technology offers tools like payment, lending, borrowing, and saving to anyone with an internet connection. Proponents argue that stricter regulations would deter criminal use. Opponents argue that stricter crypto regulation would limit financial opportunities to citizens that are denied access to or can't afford the fees associated with traditional banking.  Watch video

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Should artists be held to the same reporting and disclosure requirements as hedge funds, mutual funds, and public companies when selling their artwork?

In 2024, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) brought lawsuits against artists and art marketplaces, arguing that artwork should be classified as a security and subject to the same reporting and disclosure standards as financial institutions. Proponents argue that this would provide greater transparency and protect buyers from fraud, ensuring that the art market operates with the same accountability as financial markets. Opponents contend that such regulations are overly burdensome and would stifle creativity, making it nearly impossible for artists to sell their work without facing complex legal hurdles.

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Should the government impose stricter regulations on the collection and use of personal data by companies?

Companies often collect personal data from users for various purposes, including advertising and improving services. Proponents argue that stricter regulations would protect consumer privacy and prevent data misuse. Opponents argue that it would burden businesses and hinder technological innovation.

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Should the government regulate artificial intelligence (AI) to ensure ethical use?

Regulating AI involves setting guidelines and standards to ensure AI systems are used ethically and safely. Proponents argue that it prevents misuse, protects privacy, and ensures AI benefits society. Opponents argue that excessive regulation could hinder innovation and technological advancement.

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Should the government mandate that large tech companies share their algorithms with regulators?

Algorithms used by tech companies, such as those that recommend content or filter information, are often proprietary and closely guarded secrets. Proponents argue that transparency would prevent abuses and ensure fair practices. Opponents argue that it would harm business confidentiality and competitive advantage.

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Should citizens be allowed to secure their money in self-hosted digital wallets that the government can monitor but not control?

Self-hosted digital wallets are personal, user-managed storage solutions for digital currencies like Bitcoin, which provide individuals with control over their funds without relying on third-party institutions. Monitoring refers to the government having the capability to oversee transactions without the ability to directly control or interfere with the funds. Proponents argue that it ensures personal financial freedom and security while allowing the government to monitor for illegal activities such as money laundering and terrorism financing. Opponents argue that even monitoring infringes on privacy rights and that self-hosted wallets should remain completely private and free from government oversight.

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政府应该允许澳大利亚农业土地和水向国外买家出售吗?

2015年，澳大利亚政府周四受阻出售大量投资农田的中国投资者对国家利益的理由。联系到基于中国投资者四个独立的组投标被拒绝上达的由S.基德曼＆有限公司所有澳大利亚的农田2.5％性能的建议出售已经成为一个测试用例，为国家如何平衡与以上外国所有权的担忧需要在一个经济体对外投资已由于今年大宗商品价格崩溃大幅放缓。

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是否应该禁用可降解材料含量低于 50% 的一次性用品（如塑料的杯、盘和餐具）？

In 2016, France became the first country to ban the sale of plastic disposable products that contain less than 50% of biodegradable material and in 2017, India passed a law banning all plastic disposable plastic products.

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政府是否应该提高环境法规以减少碳排放？

全球变暖或气候变化，是自十九世纪末期增加了地球的大气温度。在政治上，对全球变暖的争论集中在这个温度的升高是否是由于温室气体的排放，或在地球温度的自然格局的结果。澳大利亚目前正在寻求在2030年排放量减少到26-28％的2005年的水平。

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政府应该允许开采和出口的铀?

澳大利亚是目前世界上最大的铀出口国，目前出口的全球供应量的31％。澳大利亚目前的政策是只出售铀给已签署禁止核子扩散条约的国家

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你是否支持使用水力压裂法的开采石油和天然气资源？

水力压裂技术是页岩中提取石油或天然气的过程。水，砂和化学品被注入在高压力，骨折的岩石，并允许油或气体流出到井的岩石。虽然水力压裂技术已显著提高石油产量，也有环境问题的过程中地下水污染。水力压裂技术的批评者说，会污染地下水供应化学品，释放出的甲烷气体进入大气层，并能引起地震活动。水力压裂技术的支持者说，这将下降的石油和天然气价格在西班牙，并导致能源独立。

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政府应允许在澳大利亚煤层气 (CSG) 项目吗?

澳大利亚煤层气储量大，尤其是在昆士兰州，新南威尔士州和维多利亚州，同时在北领地，南澳和西澳存在较大的页岩天然气储量。南玻目前正在从Bowen和苏拉特盆地的昆士兰州和卡姆登谷在新南威尔士提取，与整个利物浦平原和猎人谷的众多勘探井。以提取气，水，砂和化学品被注入在称为过程高压岩石“水力压裂”。

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Should the government fund research into geoengineering as a way to combat climate change?

Geoengineering refers to the deliberate large-scale intervention in the Earth's climate system to counteract climate change, such as by reflecting sunlight, increasing precipitation, or removing CO2 from the atmosphere. Proponents argue that geoengineering could provide innovative solutions to global warming. Opponents argue that it is risky, unproven, and could have unforeseen negative consequences.

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Should researchers be allowed to use animals in testing the safety of drugs, vaccines, medical devices, and cosmetics?

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Should the government provide subsidies to taxpayers who purchase an electric vehicle?

Joe Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) in August 2022, which allocated millions to combating climate change and other energy provisions while additionally establishing a $7,500 tax credit for electric vehicles.  To qualify for the subsidy 40% of the critical minerals used in electric-vehicle batteries must be sourced in the U.S.  EU and South Korean officials argues that the subsidies discriminated against their automotive, renewable-energy, battery and energy-intensive industries. Proponents argue that the tax credits will help combat climate change by encouraging consumers to purchase EVs and stop driving gas powered automobiles. Opponents argue that the tax credits will only hurt domestic battery and EV producers.

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你支持建设在北领地的核废料储存设施吗?

处置低水平核废料，其中大部分来自医疗，已成为一个重要的问题。 2009年，澳大利亚政府收到顾问的报告，审查Muckaty站作为四个可能地点在北领地核废料设施之一。附近Muckaty站土地所有者反对恐惧的计划，该倾倒垃圾会破坏他们的土地和环境。

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你是否支持使用转基因作物和

转基因食品（或转基因食品）从生物体生产的食物，有利用基因工程方法引入到它们的DNA的具体变化。澳大利亚已经使基因工程油菜和棉花的商业种植，使我们壹只说商业化种植转基因作物的国家屈指可数。 GE油菜籽在新南威尔士州和维多利亚州在商业发行于2008年。

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Should the government invest in programs to reduce food waste?

Food waste programs aim to reduce the amount of edible food that is discarded. Proponents argue that it would improve food security and reduce environmental impact. Opponents argue that it is not a priority and that the responsibility should lie with individuals and businesses.

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Should the government build a network of electric vehicle charging stations?

In 2022 the European Union, Canada, the U.K. and the U.S. state of California approved regulations banning the sale of new gasoline-powered cars and trucks by 2035. Plug-in hybrids, full electrics and hydrogen cell vehicles would all count toward the zero-emission targets, though auto makers will only be able to use plug-in hybrids to meet 20% of the overall requirement. The regulation will impact only new-vehicle sales and affects only manufacturers, not dealerships. Traditional internal-combustion vehicles will still be legal to own and drive after 2035, and new models can still be sold until 2035. Volkswagen and Toyota have said they aim to sell only zero-emission cars in Europe by that time.

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Should cities be allowed to offer private companies economic incentives to relocate?

In November 2018 the online e-commerce company Amazon announced it would be building a second headquarters in New York City and Arlington, VA. The announcement came a year after the company announced it would accept proposals from any North American city who wanted to host the headquarters. Amazon said the company could invest over $5 billion and the offices would create up to 50,000 high paying jobs. More than 200 cities applied and offered Amazon millions of dollars in economic incentives and tax breaks. For the New York City headquarters the city and state governments gave Amazon $2.8 billion in tax credits and construction grants. For the Arlington, VA headquarters the city and state governments gave Amazon $500 million in tax breaks. Opponents argue that governments should spend the tax revenue on public projects instead and that the federal government should pass laws banning tax incentives. The European Union has strict laws which prevent member cities from bidding against each other with state aid (tax incentives) in an effort to lure private companies. Proponents argue that the jobs and tax revenue created by the companies eventually offset the cost of any awarded incentives.

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Should the government provide subsidies for companies developing carbon capture technologies?

Carbon capture technologies are methods designed to capture and store carbon dioxide emissions from sources like power plants to prevent them from entering the atmosphere. Proponents argue that subsidies would accelerate the development of essential technologies to combat climate change. Opponents argue that it is too costly and that the market should drive innovation without government intervention.

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政府应该增加在公共交通方面的资金投入吗？

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Should the government require all new cars to be electric or hybrid by a certain date?

Electric and hybrid vehicles use electricity and a combination of electricity and fuel, respectively, to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and decrease emissions. Proponents argue that it significantly cuts pollution and advances the transition to renewable energy sources. Opponents argue that it increases vehicle costs, limits consumer choice, and may strain the electric grid.

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Should the government implement stricter emissions standards for diesel vehicles?

Diesel emissions standards regulate the amount of pollutants that diesel engines can emit to reduce air pollution. Proponents argue that stricter standards improve air quality and public health by reducing harmful emissions. Opponents argue that it increases costs for manufacturers and consumers and could reduce the availability of diesel vehicles.

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Should the government impose stricter fuel efficiency standards on vehicles?

Fuel efficiency standards set the required average fuel economy for vehicles, aiming to reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Proponents argue that it helps reduce emissions, save consumers money on fuel, and decrease reliance on fossil fuels. Opponents argue that it raises production costs, leading to higher vehicle prices, and may not have a significant impact on overall emissions.

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Should the government restrict the use of advanced technology in vehicles to maintain human control and prevent over-reliance on technology?

This considers limiting the integration of advanced technologies in vehicles to ensure humans retain control and to prevent dependency on technological systems. Proponents argue that it preserves human control and prevents over-reliance on potentially fallible technology. Opponents argue that it hinders technological progress and the benefits that advanced technology can bring to safety and efficiency.

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Should the government require public transportation systems to be fully accessible to people with disabilities?

Full accessibility ensures that public transportation accommodates people with disabilities by providing necessary facilities and services. Proponents argue that it ensures equal access, promotes independence for people with disabilities, and complies with disability rights. Opponents argue that it can be costly to implement and maintain and may require significant modifications to existing systems.

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Should the government eliminate all traffic laws and rely on voluntary compliance?

This considers the idea of removing government-imposed traffic laws and relying instead on individual responsibility for road safety. Proponents argue that voluntary compliance respects individual freedom and personal responsibility. Opponents argue that without traffic laws, road safety would significantly decline and accidents would increase.

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Should the government enforce mandatory GPS tracking in all vehicles to monitor driving behavior and improve road safety?

Mandatory GPS tracking involves using GPS technology in all vehicles to monitor driving behavior and improve road safety. Proponents argue that it enhances road safety and reduces accidents by monitoring and correcting dangerous driving behaviors. Opponents argue that it infringes on personal privacy and could lead to government overreach and misuse of data.

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Should the government regulate airline frequent flier programs?

In September 2024 the U.S. Transportation Department began an investigation into U.S. airline’s frequent flier programs. The department's inquiry centers on practices that it describes as potentially unfair, deceptive or anti-competitive, with a focus on four areas: changes to the value of points that the agency said can make it more expensive to book tickets using rewards; lack of fare transparency through dynamic pricing; fees for redeeming and transferring rewards; and reduction in competition among programs due to airline mergers.  “These rewards are controlled by a company that can unilaterally change their value. Our goal is to ensure consumers are getting the value that was promised to them, which means validating that these programs are transparent and fair,” Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg said.

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Should the government invest in the development of smart transportation infrastructure?

Smart transportation infrastructure uses advanced technology, such as smart traffic lights and connected vehicles, to improve traffic flow and safety. Proponents argue that it enhances efficiency, reduces congestion, and improves safety through better technology. Opponents argue that it is costly, may face technical challenges, and requires significant maintenance and upgrades.

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Should the government provide subsidies for the development of high-speed rail networks?

High-speed rail networks are fast train systems that connect major cities, providing a quick and efficient alternative to car and air travel. Proponents argue that it can reduce travel times, lower carbon emissions, and stimulate economic growth through improved connectivity. Opponents argue that it requires significant investment, may not attract enough users, and funds could be better used elsewhere.

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Should the government provide incentives for carpooling and the use of shared transportation services?

Incentives for carpooling and shared transportation encourage people to share rides, reducing the number of vehicles on the road and lowering emissions. Proponents argue that it reduces traffic congestion, lowers emissions, and promotes community interactions. Opponents argue that it may not significantly impact traffic, could be costly, and some people prefer the convenience of personal vehicles.

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Should the government regulate the development and deployment of autonomous vehicles?

Autonomous vehicles, or self-driving cars, use technology to navigate and operate without human intervention. Proponents argue that regulations ensure safety, promote innovation, and prevent accidents caused by technology failures. Opponents argue that regulations could stifle innovation, delay deployment, and impose excessive burdens on developers.

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Should cities designate special lanes for autonomous vehicles?

Special lanes for autonomous vehicles separate them from regular traffic, potentially improving safety and traffic flow. Proponents argue that dedicated lanes increase safety, enhance traffic efficiency, and encourage the adoption of autonomous technology. Opponents argue that it reduces road space for traditional vehicles and may not be justified given the current number of autonomous vehicles.

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Should the government increase penalties for distracted driving?

Distracted driving penalties aim to deter dangerous behaviors, such as texting while driving, to improve road safety. Proponents argue that it deters dangerous behavior, improves road safety, and reduces accidents caused by distractions. Opponents argue that penalties alone may not be effective and enforcement can be challenging.

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